Pain is a common human experience—but not all pain is created equal. When pain lingers, intensifies, or seems out of proportion to an injury, it may point to something more serious. One condition that often flies under the radar is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). According to Jordan Sudberg, a renowned pain management specialist, CRPS is frequently misdiagnosed or misunderstood, which leads to delayed treatment and prolonged suffering.
“CRPS is one of the most complex and debilitating pain conditions we see,” explains Dr. Sudberg. “The earlier we recognize the signs, the better chance we have at managing it effectively and preserving quality of life.”
In this post, Dr. Jordan Sudberg outlines the key signs of CRPS, why it’s often overlooked, and what patients should do if they suspect something’s wrong.
What Is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome?
CRPS is a chronic pain condition that typically affects an arm or a leg and usually develops after an injury, surgery, stroke, or heart attack. What sets CRPS apart from regular pain is that the pain is disproportionate to the original injury and often intensifies over time rather than improves.
“It’s as though the nervous system goes haywire,” says Sudberg. “Instead of healing, the body begins to overreact and misinterpret pain signals.”
There are two types of CRPS:
- Type I (formerly Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy): Occurs without confirmed nerve damage.
- Type II (Causalgia): Involves confirmed nerve injury.
Regardless of the type, both share similar symptoms and require timely intervention.
1. Persistent and Severe Pain
One of the most defining symptoms of CRPS is continuous, burning or throbbing pain, often in the hand, foot, arm, or leg. The pain may start localized but can spread to other parts of the body.
“Patients with CRPS often describe the pain as out of proportion to what they experienced initially,” notes Dr. Sudberg. “Even a minor injury can lead to unbearable, ongoing discomfort.”
This intense pain is often the first and most alarming clue that something isn’t healing the way it should.
2. Sensitivity to Touch or Temperature
Another hallmark symptom is allodynia—when a normally non-painful stimulus like light touch or temperature change causes extreme pain. Simply brushing against a bedsheet or exposure to cool air can be agonizing.
“If everyday sensations start to feel painful, it’s time to investigate further,” Sudberg warns.
This heightened sensitivity may persist long after the initial injury and can significantly impact daily life.
3. Swelling and Changes in Skin Color or Texture
CRPS can also cause noticeable changes in the appearance of the skin over the affected area. Patients may observe:
- Swelling
- Redness or bluish discoloration
- Shiny, thin, or blotchy skin
- Excessive sweating
Dr. Sudberg explains, “These are signs that the autonomic nervous system is involved, affecting blood flow and skin function.”
In some cases, the skin may become cold and pale, signaling that the condition is progressing into a chronic phase.
4. Joint Stiffness and Muscle Weakness
Over time, CRPS can limit mobility and function. Stiff joints, muscle spasms, tremors, and even muscle atrophy may occur if the condition is left untreated.
“It’s not just about pain,” says Sudberg. “CRPS affects how people move and use their limbs, which can lead to long-term disability if ignored.”
Early physical therapy and mobility exercises are essential parts of a treatment plan.
5. Nail and Hair Growth Changes
Because CRPS affects the autonomic nervous system, it can also disrupt normal patterns of nail and hair growth. You may notice:
- Rapid or unusually slow hair growth
- Brittle, grooved, or discolored nails
These subtle changes are often overlooked but can help in confirming a CRPS diagnosis.
What to Do if You Suspect CRPS
If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms above, especially after an injury or surgery, it’s crucial to act quickly. CRPS is most treatable in its early stages.
“Time is everything when it comes to CRPS,” emphasizes Dr. Jordan Sudberg. “The longer you wait, the harder it becomes to manage.”
Dr. Sudberg recommends that patients see a pain management specialist who is familiar with complex neurological pain disorders. Diagnostic tools may include physical examination, imaging, bone scans, and nerve conduction studies. Once diagnosed, treatment can include:
- Physical therapy
- Medications (anti-inflammatories, nerve blockers)
- Sympathetic nerve blocks
- Spinal cord stimulation
- Behavioral therapy
Final Thoughts: Don’t Dismiss the Signs
CRPS can be life-altering—but it doesn’t have to be. Recognizing the symptoms early and connecting with a specialist like Jordan Sudberg can make all the difference in restoring function and quality of life.
“Patients are often told it’s in their head,” Dr. Sudberg reflects. “But CRPS is very real, and it’s our job as pain specialists to believe, diagnose, and treat with precision.”
If you or someone you love is struggling with unexplained, worsening pain after an injury, don’t wait. Reach out to a qualified provider and take the first step toward healing today.